Chunking and mnemonics aid in semantic encoding sometimes, deep processing and optimal retrieval occurs. Semantic encoding involves the use of sensory input that has a specific meaning or can be applied to a context. Studies have shown that the long-term retention of information is greatly improved through the use of elaborative encoding. The nature of a new memory becomes dependent as much on previous information as it does on the new information. The phonological loop is a process by which sounds are sub-vocally rehearsed (or “said in your mind over and over”) in order to be remembered.Įlaborative encoding uses information that is already known and relates it to the new information being experienced. This is aided by what is known as the phonological loop. The amygdala plays a large role in the visual encoding of memories.Īcoustic encoding is the use of auditory stimuli or hearing to implant memories. This type of information is temporarily stored in iconic memory and then is moved to long-term memory for storage. The creation of mental pictures is one way people use visual encoding. Visual encoding is the process of encoding images and visual sensory information. The four primary types of encoding are visual, acoustic, elaborative, and semantic. In other words, as a person experiences novel events or sensations, the brain “rewires” itself in order to store those new experiences in memory. Neural pathways, or connections between neurons (brain cells), are formed or strengthened through a process called long-term potentiation, which alters the flow of information within the brain. The hippocampus then analyzes this experience and decides if it is worth committing to long-term memory.Įncoding is achieved using chemicals and electric impulses within the brain. Stimuli are perceived by the senses, and related signals travel to the thalamus of the human brain, where they are synthesized into one experience. The process of encoding begins with perception, which is the identification, organization, and interpretation of any sensory information in order to understand it within the context of a particular environment. “Recall” refers to retrieving previously encoded information. Once a file is saved, it can be retrieved as long as the hard drive is undamaged. At a very basic level, memory encoding is like hitting “Save” on a computer file. Once it is encoded, it can be recalled from either short- or long-term memory. Memory encoding allows information to be converted into a construct that is stored in the brain indefinitely. Memory encoding allows an item of interest to be converted into a construct that is stored in the brain, which can later be recalled.
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